# Butter Network

Markdown version of https://l2beat.com/interop/protocols/butternetwork

## Summary

- Last 24h volume: $149.49 K
- Last 24h transfer count: 119
- Last 24h top path: BNB Smart Chain ↔ Ethereum ($68.21 K)
- Last 24h avg. transfer time: 1m 57s
- Last 24h avg. transfer value: $1.25 K
- Last 24h tokens by volume: [USDT](https://l2beat.com/interop/tokens/xxeNQv/tether/usdt) ($129.41 K), [ETH](https://l2beat.com/interop/tokens/C0Hmkq/ethereum/eth) ($22.83 K), [USDC](https://l2beat.com/interop/tokens/9HN5PN/circle/usdc) ($14.42 K)
- Last 24h top token: [USDT](https://l2beat.com/interop/tokens/xxeNQv/tether/usdt) ($129.41 K volume, 112 transfers)
- Last 24h transfer size: Under $100: 10 transfers, $100-$1K: 86 transfers, $1K-$10K: 20 transfers, $10K-$100K: 3 transfers, Over $100K: 0 transfers (min $59.75, average $1.25 K, max $39.73 K)
- Last 24h transfer type distribution: Non-minting: $149.49 K

### About

Liquidity bridge and messaging protocol using the MAP relay chain (an alt-L1) and its light-client network to verify cross-chain messages.

## Volume and flows

### Top chains by volume (last 24h)

A transfer counts toward the volume of both its source and its destination chain, so the chain volumes add up to more than the total volume.

- BNB Smart Chain: $128.40 K (110 transfers)
- Ethereum: $86.68 K (22 transfers)
- Polygon PoS: $44.11 K (63 transfers)
- and 2 more

### Top routes by volume (last 24h)

- BNB Smart Chain → Ethereum: $45.21 K
- Polygon PoS → BNB Smart Chain: $24.44 K
- Ethereum → BNB Smart Chain: $23.00 K
- BNB Smart Chain → Polygon PoS: $18.76 K
- Base → Ethereum: $16.09 K
- BNB Smart Chain → Base: $6.05 K
- Base → BNB Smart Chain: $5.53 K
- BNB Smart Chain → Arbitrum One: $2.91 K
- Arbitrum One → BNB Smart Chain: $2.58 K
- Ethereum → Base: $2.37 K

The flows between chains are an interactive graph on [the HTML page](https://l2beat.com/interop/protocols/butternetwork#interop-volume).

## Top tokens by volume

The interactive tokens table is shown on [the HTML page](https://l2beat.com/interop/protocols/butternetwork#interop-tokens).

## Transfers

The interactive transfers table is shown on [the HTML page](https://l2beat.com/interop/protocols/butternetwork#interop-transfers).

## Updates

Each date links the update on the HTML page, which also shows its contract diffs.

### [2026-10-01 10:35 UTC](https://l2beat.com/interop/protocols/butternetwork?update=c540e3bd) (high severity, 1 change)

7702 re-delegation of a multisig signer.

### [2026-08-05 07:34 UTC](https://l2beat.com/interop/protocols/butternetwork?update=beb20722) (8 changes)

Butter interop protocol init disco: validation checks BLS sigs of a validator set on an external L1 (MAP Protocol). Validators can update the set with the discovered quorum. Each bridge tx verifies a merkle proof agains validator-signed block headers from the external L1. The L1 is supposed to run light clients of all participating chains.

## Permissions

### Base Chain

#### Actors

##### SafeL2 (0x9987…1999)

Addresses: [0x9987463102993e177b107e0cE97a0420428D1999](https://basescan.org/address/0x9987463102993e177b107e0cE97a0420428D1999)

A Multisig with 3/5 threshold.
- Can interact with Butter AuthorityManager
  - change AuthorityManager permissions and execute restricted Bridge and FeeService management operations

Participants (5): [0xe8D95c201c20d759ed9429195F20767684Ebdf62](https://basescan.org/address/0xe8D95c201c20d759ed9429195F20767684Ebdf62), [0xe875f05e42ccFAFA8B64CA6344687E5cC60005Be](https://basescan.org/address/0xe875f05e42ccFAFA8B64CA6344687E5cC60005Be), [0x378F2eC828DB2fD49D238c91e5A278cF30aBeb66](https://basescan.org/address/0x378F2eC828DB2fD49D238c91e5A278cF30aBeb66), [0xEc624b9A64Be03E2DBAc8B78613A45955C855A87](https://basescan.org/address/0xEc624b9A64Be03E2DBAc8B78613A45955C855A87), [0xCE148A96B191C05414c9282c2C57e537100b40FE](https://basescan.org/address/0xCE148A96B191C05414c9282c2C57e537100b40FE)

##### SafeL2 (0xAAAa…1aaA)

Addresses: [0xAAAaEE7549a61282F2B4Ca1766f46249D9e71aaA](https://basescan.org/address/0xAAAaEE7549a61282F2B4Ca1766f46249D9e71aaA)

A Multisig with 2/3 threshold.
- Can interact with Butter AuthorityManager
  - change AuthorityManager permissions and execute restricted Bridge and FeeService management operations

Participants (3): [0xCE148A96B191C05414c9282c2C57e537100b40FE](https://basescan.org/address/0xCE148A96B191C05414c9282c2C57e537100b40FE), [0x0cDAe5da23b64bFeCD421d6487FFEABF6558828d](https://basescan.org/address/0x0cDAe5da23b64bFeCD421d6487FFEABF6558828d), [0x386ce1a187eC7329CFb8E467EB02FB07c698256A](https://basescan.org/address/0x386ce1a187eC7329CFb8E467EB02FB07c698256A)

##### EOA 1

Addresses: [0x7F4cBa3D7f20bF5146e4e5F8929b676CA05a5545](https://basescan.org/address/0x7F4cBa3D7f20bF5146e4e5F8929b676CA05a5545)

- Can upgrade **with no delay**
  - Butter MAP LightNode
- Can interact with Butter MAP LightNode
  - change the pending LightNode administrator or the VerifyTool used by proof verification

## Smart contracts

**Note:** Contracts presented in this section had their implementations updated since the last time our team looked at this project. The information presented may be inaccurate.

### Base Chain

#### Butter AuthorityManager

Addresses: [0xACC31A6756B60304C03d6626fc98c062E4539CCA](https://etherscan.io/address/0xACC31A6756B60304C03d6626fc98c062E4539CCA#code)

OpenZeppelin AccessManager-derived authority for Butter's restricted Bridge and FeeService functions. Its role configuration controls who can change bridge validation dependencies, relay and token settings, fee parameters, pause state, and implementation upgrades.
- Roles:
  - **adminRole**: SafeL2

#### Butter MAP LightNode

Addresses: [0x0001805c0B57DBd48B5c5c26E237a135dDC678ae](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0001805c0B57DBd48B5c5c26E237a135dDC678ae#code), [0xF6366aD2361Df88E8815258948093C33d93d5374](https://etherscan.io/address/0xF6366aD2361Df88E8815258948093C33d93d5374#code) (Implementation (Upgradable)), [0x7F4cBa3D7f20bF5146e4e5F8929b676CA05a5545](https://etherscan.io/address/0x7F4cBa3D7f20bF5146e4e5F8929b676CA05a5545#code) (Admin)

**Past upgrades** (Count of upgrades: 3, Last upgrade: 2y ago, Avg upgrade interval: 7mo 19d)

- 2024-09-23 00:33 UTC, upgrade of [Butter MAP LightNode](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0001805c0B57DBd48B5c5c26E237a135dDC678ae#code): transaction [0x53838b8cb5bc53dc0fe72a902f3b51bbbdae31d23509e03657a28e90170c1495](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x53838b8cb5bc53dc0fe72a902f3b51bbbdae31d23509e03657a28e90170c1495), implementations: [0xF6366aD2361Df88E8815258948093C33d93d5374](https://etherscan.io/address/0xF6366aD2361Df88E8815258948093C33d93d5374#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0x2C77024B4D7E2549C9303B46C0F95607472AbFCe/base:0xF6366aD2361Df88E8815258948093C33d93d5374))
- 2024-09-16 04:20 UTC, upgrade of [Butter MAP LightNode](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0001805c0B57DBd48B5c5c26E237a135dDC678ae#code): transaction [0xe4fb346381ce69967553f7e83bc9cfef954c13ea62c4233bf538daffe233b733](https://etherscan.io/tx/0xe4fb346381ce69967553f7e83bc9cfef954c13ea62c4233bf538daffe233b733), implementations: [0x2C77024B4D7E2549C9303B46C0F95607472AbFCe](https://etherscan.io/address/0x2C77024B4D7E2549C9303B46C0F95607472AbFCe#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0xd5C45b145594a142605825DB3a4Df35450eDa901/base:0x2C77024B4D7E2549C9303B46C0F95607472AbFCe))
- 2024-09-06 14:53 UTC, upgrade of [Butter MAP LightNode](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0001805c0B57DBd48B5c5c26E237a135dDC678ae#code): transaction [0x704ad684abf8327381ba478f02972d0af2b8d5a9c4c32eeab53e4c2e76a03814](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x704ad684abf8327381ba478f02972d0af2b8d5a9c4c32eeab53e4c2e76a03814), implementations: [0xd5C45b145594a142605825DB3a4Df35450eDa901](https://etherscan.io/address/0xd5C45b145594a142605825DB3a4Df35450eDa901#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0x92649181CcF7775bE3b212fF2e02f8F57366bFF3/base:0xd5C45b145594a142605825DB3a4Df35450eDa901))
- 2024-04-10 09:00 UTC, deployment of [Butter MAP LightNode](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0001805c0B57DBd48B5c5c26E237a135dDC678ae#code): transaction [0xd3f44ff09982171f62d0c4bfd3513db8d49dd6d5012d81c51f45055e0ba89df4](https://etherscan.io/tx/0xd3f44ff09982171f62d0c4bfd3513db8d49dd6d5012d81c51f45055e0ba89df4), implementations: [0x92649181CcF7775bE3b212fF2e02f8F57366bFF3](https://etherscan.io/address/0x92649181CcF7775bE3b212fF2e02f8F57366bFF3#code)

Upgradeable MAP relay-chain light client used by Butter bridges. It verifies relay-chain headers with the stored BLS validator set and verifies receipt Merkle proofs against accepted headers. It is the destination-chain validation boundary for bridged messages.
- Roles:
  - **admin**: EOA 1

Can be upgraded by: EOA 1 with no delay

#### Butter VerifyTool

Addresses: [0xc3393567DC2F1d071254E880c9f501641491471f](https://etherscan.io/address/0xc3393567DC2F1d071254E880c9f501641491471f#code)

Cryptographic and RLP/Merkle-proof helper contract called by the Butter MAP LightNode to validate relay-chain headers and transaction receipts.

#### Butter FeeService

Addresses: [0xfeE31a1FD7FcA0E05428ff751242e46F6D5769a6](https://etherscan.io/address/0xfeE31a1FD7FcA0E05428ff751242e46F6D5769a6#code)

Fee configuration contract used by Butter Bridge to calculate cross-chain message fees and select the fee recipient.
- Roles:
  - **authority**: Butter AuthorityManager

**Warning:** There are impactful changes to the following contracts, and part of the information might be outdated.

#### Butter Bridge (impactful change)

Addresses: [0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56#code), [0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d](https://etherscan.io/address/0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d#code) (Implementation (Upgradable)), [0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000#code) (Admin)

**Past upgrades** (Count of upgrades: 4, Last upgrade: 4mo 26d ago, Avg upgrade interval: 4mo 22d)

- 2026-05-21 05:48 UTC, upgrade of [Butter Bridge](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56#code): transaction [0x2d56c8102ef3cff82ebce01f64b4f33d299712db723c2992e5421b5bd12f72fa](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x2d56c8102ef3cff82ebce01f64b4f33d299712db723c2992e5421b5bd12f72fa), implementations: [0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d](https://etherscan.io/address/0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d/base:0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d))
- 2026-05-21 05:46 UTC, upgrade of [Butter Bridge](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56#code): transaction [0x1c21e691416e2adb3017aa56b4d21e434d6ad541124cd08ac85be6acd80fd784](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x1c21e691416e2adb3017aa56b4d21e434d6ad541124cd08ac85be6acd80fd784), implementations: [0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d](https://etherscan.io/address/0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0x85E0d15EA312F999ad038e7f8E921D4743C12D43/base:0x862761D6D52E9e812A8c22E6e6A39E186e59a33d))
- 2025-08-07 02:03 UTC, upgrade of [Butter Bridge](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56#code): transaction [0x2419922339020bb0a82ba64dc820b3add2f4244fcdb8c87e17ace5649fb7f89c](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x2419922339020bb0a82ba64dc820b3add2f4244fcdb8c87e17ace5649fb7f89c), implementations: [0x85E0d15EA312F999ad038e7f8E921D4743C12D43](https://etherscan.io/address/0x85E0d15EA312F999ad038e7f8E921D4743C12D43#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0x1FbC14ea7F2B6bf8DCaAF7eA3484E5C6F003dF0d/base:0x85E0d15EA312F999ad038e7f8E921D4743C12D43))
- 2024-11-12 04:53 UTC, upgrade of [Butter Bridge](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56#code): transaction [0x0f790ff23e57c687aceeecc9922c677cf5b8c6c8883b5ba254e59757c90b6b43](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x0f790ff23e57c687aceeecc9922c677cf5b8c6c8883b5ba254e59757c90b6b43), implementations: [0x1FbC14ea7F2B6bf8DCaAF7eA3484E5C6F003dF0d](https://etherscan.io/address/0x1FbC14ea7F2B6bf8DCaAF7eA3484E5C6F003dF0d#code) ([diff](https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/base:0xA8E357C8d4B4EC766E63bd1b73ECD4734eC3AAA4/base:0x1FbC14ea7F2B6bf8DCaAF7eA3484E5C6F003dF0d))
- 2024-11-02 07:48 UTC, deployment of [Butter Bridge](https://etherscan.io/address/0x0000317Bec33Af037b5fAb2028f52d14658F6A56#code): transaction [0x78c19b4c6a8113d02f4ef7fa4c9a9c8bb64cec8f7094d42043a9e4f826b103a6](https://etherscan.io/tx/0x78c19b4c6a8113d02f4ef7fa4c9a9c8bb64cec8f7094d42043a9e4f826b103a6), implementations: [0xA8E357C8d4B4EC766E63bd1b73ECD4734eC3AAA4](https://etherscan.io/address/0xA8E357C8d4B4EC766E63bd1b73ECD4734eC3AAA4#code)

Butter's Base bridge endpoint. Outbound transfers lock or burn assets and emit messages for the MAP relay chain; inbound transfers execute only after a LightNode-validated receipt proof for the configured MAP relay contract. The bridge can mint configured mintable tokens, release escrowed assets, and invoke receiver callbacks, so compromise of validation, relay configuration, or management authority can lead to loss of bridged funds.
- Roles:
  - **authority**: Butter AuthorityManager

The current deployment carries some associated risks:

- Funds can be stolen if a contract receives a malicious code upgrade. There is no delay on code upgrades (CRITICAL).