Orbit Bridge

Funds can be stolen if

1. validators relay a fake message to a destination chain to mint more tokens than there are locked on Ethereum thus preventing some existing holders from being able to bring their funds back to Ethereum (CRITICAL),
2. validators relay a fake message to Ethereum chain allowing a user to withdraw tokens from Ethereum escrow when equivalent amount of tokens has not been deposited and burned on destination chain (CRITICAL),
3. there's an exploit in contracts that invest user deposit (CRITICAL),
4. a contract receives a malicious code upgrade. There is no delay on code upgrades (CRITICAL).

Funds can be frozen if

5. validators don't relay messages between chains,
6. there's insufficient liquidity of requested token in escrow.

Users can be censored if

7. validators decide to not pass selected messages between chains (CRITICAL).

Principle of Operation

Orbit Bridge is a cross-chain bridge that allows users to transfer tokens between different blockchains. Tokens are deposited on the source chain and "representation tokens" are minted on the destination chain. When a user deposits tokens to an escrow contract on Ethereum, a message is relayed to a group o validators via Orbit Hub contract on Orbit chain to a minter contract on a destination chain, where "representation tokens" are minted. Deposited tokens are not locked and can be used in DeFi protocols by Orbit Farm. When a user deposits minted tokens on the destination chain, they are burned and a message is relayed to validators through Orbit Hub contract on Orbit chain to Ethereum vault, which releases the tokens if enough liquidity is available. Bridge contract implementation and farm contract source code are not verified on Etherscan.

1. Bridging transactions

Validation

Orbit Bridge actors include Operators and Validators. Operators relay data between Orbit Chain and supported chains, while Validators build multi-sig based consensus on validity of transactions.

• Users can be censored if validators decide to not pass selected messages between chains (CRITICAL).

• Funds can be stolen if validators relay a fake message to a destination chain to mint more tokens than there are locked on Ethereum thus preventing some existing holders from being able to bring their funds back to Ethereum (CRITICAL).

• Funds can be stolen if validators relay a fake message to Ethereum chain allowing a user to withdraw tokens from Ethereum escrow when equivalent amount of tokens has not been deposited and burned on destination chain (CRITICAL).

• Funds can be stolen if there's an exploit in contracts that invest user deposit (CRITICAL).

• Funds can be frozen if validators don't relay messages between chains.

• Funds can be frozen if there's insufficient liquidity of requested token in escrow.

1. Orbit Bridge - How it works