Description
Fuel aims to be a complete optimistic rollup with low transaction costs, high speed and high throughput.
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Risk analysis
State validation
Fraud proofs (1R)Fraud proofs allow actors watching the chain to prove that the state is incorrect. Single round proofs (1R) only require a single transaction to resolve.
Data availability
On chainAll of the data needed for proof construction is published on chain.
Upgradeability
NoThe code that secures the system can never change.
Sequencer failure
Propose blocksThe user needs to run their own node and use it to propose new blocks that include otherwise censored transactions.
Validator failure
Propose blocksThe user needs to run their own node and use it to propose new blocks to replace the validator.
Technology
Fraud proofs ensure state correctness
After some period of time, the published state root is assumed to be correct. For a certain time period, usually one week anyone can submit a fraud proof that shows that the state was incorrect.
Funds can be stolen if there is no one that checks the published state. Fraud proofs assume at least one honest and able validator.
All data required for proofs is published on chain
All the data that is used to construct the system state is published on chain in the form of cheap calldata. This ensures that it will always be available when needed.
Operator
The system has a centralized sequencer
While proposing blocks is open to anyone the system employs a privileged sequencer that has priority for submitting transaction batches and ordering transactions.
MEV can be extracted if the operator exploits their centralized position and frontruns user transactions.
Users can force any transaction
Because the block production is open to anyone if users experience censorship from the operator they can propose their own blocks which would include their transactions.
Users can be censored if the operator refuses to include their transactions and users lack resources to propose blocks themselves.
Withdrawals
Regular exit
The user initiates the withdrawal by submitting a transaction on L2. When the block containing that transaction is finalized the funds become available for withdrawal on L1. The process of block finalization usually takes several days to complete. Finally the user submits an L1 transaction to claim the funds. This transaction requires a merkle proof.
Smart Contracts
The system consists of the following smart contracts:
This contract stores the following tokens: ETH, DAI, USDC, USDT.
Milestones
Fuel v1 is live on Mainnet
2020 Dec 31st
First trustless Optimistic Rollup is live on Mainnet.
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