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Immutable X

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About

Immutable X is a NFT-focused Validium providing zero gas fees, instant trades and scalability for applications.


  • Total Value SecuredTVS
    $502.12 K4.23%
  • Past day UOPSDaily UOPS
    No data
  • Type
    Other

  • Purposes
    NFT, Exchange

  • Tokens breakdown

    Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure

    Badges

    About

    Immutable X is a NFT-focused Validium providing zero gas fees, instant trades and scalability for applications.

    Why is the project listed in others?

    The data availability committee threshold is too low

    Consequence: projects with a low DAC threshold rely on the honesty of few entities to safely attest data availability on Ethereum. These entities can collude with the proposer to finalize an unavailable state, which can cause loss of funds.

    Learn more about the recategorisation here.


    Total
    Canonically BridgedCanonically Bridged ValueCanonical
    Natively MintedNatively Minted TokensNative
    Externally BridgedExternally Bridged ValueExternal

    ETH & derivatives
    Stablecoins
    BTC & derivatives
    Other
    Data source: StarkEx Aggregations API

    2021 Mar 26 — 2026 May 30

    Past Day UOPS
    0.000.00%
    Past Day Ops count
    0
    Max. UOPS
    42.52
    2024 Sep 04
    Past day UOPS/TPS Ratio
    No data

    Immutable X migrated to Immutable zkEVM

    2026 Mar 5th

    Immutable X deployed contracts for migration to Immutable zkEVM. Operation of Immutable X halts.

    Learn more

    IMX Token introduced

    2022 Jun 29th

    Immutable announce IMX, the native ERC-20 utility token of Immutable X.

    Learn more
    Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure
    Sequencer failure
    No mechanism

    There is no mechanism to have transactions be included if the sequencer is down or censoring.

    State validation
    Validity proofs (ST)

    STARKs are zero knowledge proofs that ensure state correctness.

    Data availability
    External (DAC)

    Proof construction relies fully on data that is NOT published onchain. There exists a Data Availability Committee (DAC) with a threshold of 5/7 that is tasked with protecting and supplying the data.

    Exit window
    14d

    Users have 14d to exit funds in case of an unwanted upgrade. There is a 14d delay before a upgrade is applied, and withdrawals can take up to 0s to be processed.

    Proposer failure
    Use escape hatch

    Users are able to trustlessly exit by submitting a Merkle proof of funds. NFTs will be minted on L1 to exit.

    Data is not stored on chain

    The balances of the users are not published onchain, but rather sent to external trusted parties, also known as committee members. A state update is valid and accepted onchain only if at least a quorum of the committee members sign a state update.

    • Funds can be lost if the external data becomes unavailable (CRITICAL).

    • Users can be censored if the committee restricts their access to the external data.

    1. Data Availability Modes - StarkEx documentation
    2. Validium - StarkEx documentation
    3. Availability Verifiers - StarkEx documentation
    Validity proofs

    Each update to the system state must be accompanied by a ZK proof that ensures that the new state was derived by correctly applying a series of valid user transactions to the previous state. These proofs are then verified on Ethereum by a smart contract. The system state is represented using Merkle roots.

    1. Enforcing Consistency on the On-Chain State - StarkEx documentation

    Past upgrades

    The metrics include upgrades on the currently used proxy contracts. Historical proxy contracts and changes of such are not included.

    Count of upgrades
    10
    Last upgrade
    10d 9h ago
    Avg upgrade interval
    7mo 23d
    2026 May 21, 15:35 UTC
    High severity
    33changes

    Upgrade to ImmutableX contract: https://disco.l2beat.com/diff/eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806/eth:0x273b65a7231321D4ee47a4c47408Ef43517455Ec. It introduces 7 hardcoded L1 addresses that are granted VCO tokens from the ImmutableX bridge, each different amounts. They have already withdrawn these tokens. Amounts are small and token is worthless according to coingecko. Also, added registerSender and registerEthAddress functions from Users.sol in StarkEx repo to register an eth address for a given starknet address after checking a valid signature.

    contract StarkExchange (eth:0x5FDCCA53617f4d2b9134B29090C87D01058e27e9) [N/A] {
    +++ description: None
    sourceHashes.1:
    - "0xb71805b4d4f8f1e27f622cf275932a3b69fce577df37460525fce8b64adb1d00"
    + "0xc122235bc278c4eacd03c0bc862ed748a4d0c810460ff5348df2b85c2979c6a5"
    values.$implementation:
    - "eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806"
    + "eth:0x273b65a7231321D4ee47a4c47408Ef43517455Ec"
    values.$pastUpgrades.9:
    + ["2026-05-20T23:38:47.000Z","0x9af235b6b0759b9fa2b301c7bc7bf04e05e5bd15000abe74b405466e09fca332",["eth:0x273b65a7231321D4ee47a4c47408Ef43517455Ec"]]
    values.$upgradeCount:
    - 9
    + 10
    values.implementation:
    - "eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806"
    + "eth:0x273b65a7231321D4ee47a4c47408Ef43517455Ec"
    values.HOLDER_1_AMOUNT:
    + 4900000000000
    +++ description: HOLDER_i_ETH addresses are hardcoded into ImmutableX v2 rollup contract initializer, which assigns them custom amounts of VCO tokens (small amounts of worthless tokens). Tokens were already withdrawn.
    values.HOLDER_1_ETH:
    + "eth:0x5eBb994EBC1c44815FbF2fA61a6E1f8368dcB0C7"
    values.HOLDER_1_KEY:
    + "3538623774493345151179551783812164840645197873942623890310120442690648622931"
    values.HOLDER_2_AMOUNT:
    + 125000000000
    values.HOLDER_2_ETH:
    + "eth:0x216e8577B504aC3dB213eDd261e47fffBb354248"
    values.HOLDER_2_KEY:
    + "896591154720277861849412210959098837543990746331085354094151559066127293616"
    values.HOLDER_3_AMOUNT:
    + 7540000000
    values.HOLDER_3_ETH:
    + "eth:0x10cbBBb225BBEA137aC01F0F6D91CDB126BccaA6"
    values.HOLDER_3_KEY:
    + "2337782983793367352107417745440247520204745783973227763313597957897585144884"
    values.HOLDER_4_AMOUNT:
    + 4900000000000
    values.HOLDER_4_ETH:
    + "eth:0x409F85D2207796b543b8abdB6a0E2490BB1483D1"
    values.HOLDER_4_KEY:
    + "3515120365152864005724897321625748708134718892093672796597024618874380434380"
    values.HOLDER_5_AMOUNT:
    + 382500000000
    values.HOLDER_5_ETH:
    + "eth:0xCE5A537D4dA620DE59efA6F74a0A065732600c71"
    values.HOLDER_5_KEY:
    + "320866735717256483006023350708017670742221720926224055507147702459465353560"
    values.HOLDER_6_AMOUNT:
    + "266488641810000000"
    values.HOLDER_6_ETH:
    + "eth:0x941f54cb53Dc1478Cb126a2Ba8a83b2130419dB5"
    values.HOLDER_6_KEY:
    + "1072283648975915474201171160655623968861623556483236771217709513165697501697"
    values.HOLDER_7_AMOUNT:
    + 235000000000
    values.HOLDER_7_ETH:
    + "eth:0xBC6EeB5111fEa2B5e9B2Bc534bBcbCa9568999a4"
    values.HOLDER_7_KEY:
    + "750813242579361465277803604892953637745780756132536315292318654687088446962"
    values.VCO_ASSET_TYPE:
    + "1485183671027309009439509871835489442660821279230223034298428454062208985878"
    implementationNames.eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806:
    - "StarkExchangeMigration"
    implementationNames.eth:0x273b65a7231321D4ee47a4c47408Ef43517455Ec:
    + "StarkExchangeMigrationV2"
    }
    2026 March 05, 09:30 UTC
    High severity
    163changes

    Immutable X migrates assets and the state root to immutable zkevm. Immutable X is deprecated now: https://x.com/Immutable/status/2016389261575258446?s=20. State root is injected into a specific contract ( zkEVMWithdrawalProcessor ) on immutable zkevm via Axelar message ( sendVaultRoot() funtion on VaultRootSenderAdapter ). Tokens are migrated manually by migration manager ( migrateHoldings() function on StarkExchangeMigration ), data for each token must be given as TokenMigrationDetails .

    - Status: DELETED
    contract DACommittee (eth:0x16BA0f221664A5189cf2C1a7AF0d3AbFc70aA295)
    +++ description: Data Availability Committee (DAC) contract verifying and storing data availability claims from DAC Members (via a multisignature check). The threshold of valid signatures is 5.
    - Status: DELETED
    reference SHARPVerifierCallProxy (eth:0x47312450B3Ac8b5b8e247a6bB6d523e7605bDb60)
    +++ description: None
    - Status: DELETED
    contract OrderRegistry (eth:0x518c4A79a1102eEDc987005CA8cE6B87Ca14dDf8)
    +++ description: Helper contract for registering limit orders from L1.
    contract StarkExchange (eth:0x5FDCCA53617f4d2b9134B29090C87D01058e27e9) {
    +++ description: None
    template:
    - "starkex/StarkExchange"
    sourceHashes.1:
    - "0xfaa0bf87cf9230ba5a3f5530b447f76606e0cd9fb9d1acd2f3b87d30884e63d1"
    + "0x2e7cc0661a38ee126a3b09ecb461b7b1d7e0301c2f7b4245c5334553d16f9848"
    proxyType:
    - "StarkWare diamond"
    + "StarkWare proxy"
    description:
    - "Central Validium contract. Receives (verified) state roots from the Operator, allows users to consume L2 -> L1 messages and send L1 -> L2 messages. Critical configuration values for the L2's logic are defined here by various governance roles."
    values.$implementation:
    - ["eth:0x4EDD62189732e9fF476ABa880b48c29432A7AC9B","eth:0x62BCA4DB742A99c834e2c24b609656A70EA25379","eth:0x8536850750956c2FEebeCAB786d82271a5467687","eth:0x1c3A4EfF75a287Fe6249CAb49606FA25659929A2","eth:0x3799ad2a4Eb4E882219B02C036656d4ECbD437A1","eth:0x1688abB0B5c72F34B7f78e857Aa317deD5B5D339","eth:0xB3788a88F063B217227E27ae16Ba550db3132bE6"]
    + "eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806"
    values.$pastUpgrades.0:
    + ["2021-03-10T15:13:08.000Z","0x9b57c19aa91cc17c9487085b68532cd65d1e4c263b5928f14c03a9d36c9097df",["eth:0x49401Ddc4E0A858B5B4cf3D6De38393B7fAC7378"]]
    values.$pastUpgrades.0.2.1:
    - "eth:0x61d3389Aa2d001c860859cC021153e40D557BF4b"
    values.$pastUpgrades.0.2.2:
    - "eth:0xA4E9524EfbA0CB6BD7474a48C14582dEb300469E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.0.2.3:
    - "eth:0xedB67D40161D9fa660DCFFE60f859B7381E4793a"
    values.$pastUpgrades.0.1:
    - "0x9b57c19aa91cc17c9487085b68532cd65d1e4c263b5928f14c03a9d36c9097df"
    + "0xf42d8fc579401fc76769bf63ba72f7277aac976aeb2a4cd3eca899ca08de7c20"
    values.$pastUpgrades.0.0:
    - "2021-03-10T15:13:08.000Z"
    + "2021-03-16T18:04:39.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.1.2.1:
    - "eth:0x61d3389Aa2d001c860859cC021153e40D557BF4b"
    values.$pastUpgrades.1.2.2:
    - "eth:0xA4E9524EfbA0CB6BD7474a48C14582dEb300469E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.1.2.3:
    - "eth:0xedB67D40161D9fa660DCFFE60f859B7381E4793a"
    values.$pastUpgrades.1.1:
    - "0xf42d8fc579401fc76769bf63ba72f7277aac976aeb2a4cd3eca899ca08de7c20"
    + "0x79f72bef0984e3ae76ab638c078f92f1a0d4ad2a289b8a91e072d81f77d505ce"
    values.$pastUpgrades.1.0:
    - "2021-03-16T18:04:39.000Z"
    + "2021-03-25T11:24:15.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.2.2.1:
    - "eth:0x61d3389Aa2d001c860859cC021153e40D557BF4b"
    values.$pastUpgrades.2.2.2:
    - "eth:0xA4E9524EfbA0CB6BD7474a48C14582dEb300469E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.2.2.3:
    - "eth:0xedB67D40161D9fa660DCFFE60f859B7381E4793a"
    values.$pastUpgrades.2.1:
    - "0x79f72bef0984e3ae76ab638c078f92f1a0d4ad2a289b8a91e072d81f77d505ce"
    + "0x9e8cc538b40a70723a287ece3ecb4e6aafbbde0e04f621124df6e4c2d7995dc7"
    values.$pastUpgrades.2.0:
    - "2021-03-25T11:24:15.000Z"
    + "2021-03-26T08:01:31.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.3.2.0:
    - "eth:0x49401Ddc4E0A858B5B4cf3D6De38393B7fAC7378"
    values.$pastUpgrades.3.2.1:
    - "eth:0x61d3389Aa2d001c860859cC021153e40D557BF4b"
    values.$pastUpgrades.3.2.2:
    - "eth:0xA4E9524EfbA0CB6BD7474a48C14582dEb300469E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.3.2.3:
    - "eth:0xedB67D40161D9fa660DCFFE60f859B7381E4793a"
    + "eth:0xB8563AD5aF1F79dd04937BE8B572318c8e6f43AC"
    values.$pastUpgrades.3.1:
    - "0x9e8cc538b40a70723a287ece3ecb4e6aafbbde0e04f621124df6e4c2d7995dc7"
    + "0x26fb60bb6b5ff3ef22cd959d007588f7410586499870411cfddc2759b97d44d6"
    values.$pastUpgrades.3.0:
    - "2021-03-26T08:01:31.000Z"
    + "2021-08-31T08:15:29.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.2.1:
    - "eth:0xF65C115efd24102315Af53f84aD65aD240bc9D57"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.2.2:
    - "eth:0x97AA9658cfE27D6382b71FF9E72d773615Bd529E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.2.3:
    - "eth:0x86d8f977C9cEC503ad4E6805802cEf62Cde13773"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.2.4:
    - "eth:0x0D7c8d7A16c7832869d8FeEf02730238CdFe083A"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.2.5:
    - "eth:0x2D542881E93491e765E5110c1e373FC2968E720A"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.2.6:
    - "eth:0x970d1Fa79c64b256ef68bBFEab34137786811C7F"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.1:
    - "0x26fb60bb6b5ff3ef22cd959d007588f7410586499870411cfddc2759b97d44d6"
    + "0xeaa0efb3937eee43c1083cc776d5033b131e6ef12ba0d0646db1b34e600847cd"
    values.$pastUpgrades.4.0:
    - "2021-08-31T08:15:29.000Z"
    + "2021-09-09T16:30:02.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.2.1:
    - "eth:0xF65C115efd24102315Af53f84aD65aD240bc9D57"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.2.2:
    - "eth:0x97AA9658cfE27D6382b71FF9E72d773615Bd529E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.2.3:
    - "eth:0x86d8f977C9cEC503ad4E6805802cEf62Cde13773"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.2.4:
    - "eth:0x0D7c8d7A16c7832869d8FeEf02730238CdFe083A"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.2.5:
    - "eth:0x2D542881E93491e765E5110c1e373FC2968E720A"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.2.6:
    - "eth:0x970d1Fa79c64b256ef68bBFEab34137786811C7F"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.1:
    - "0xeaa0efb3937eee43c1083cc776d5033b131e6ef12ba0d0646db1b34e600847cd"
    + "0x658a93571ca9733ba346bd746790a6d07821d86c89fd90809e85bf7f2f8d9797"
    values.$pastUpgrades.5.0:
    - "2021-09-09T16:30:02.000Z"
    + "2022-01-13T08:08:51.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.0:
    - "eth:0xB8563AD5aF1F79dd04937BE8B572318c8e6f43AC"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.1:
    - "eth:0xF65C115efd24102315Af53f84aD65aD240bc9D57"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.2:
    - "eth:0x97AA9658cfE27D6382b71FF9E72d773615Bd529E"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.3:
    - "eth:0x86d8f977C9cEC503ad4E6805802cEf62Cde13773"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.4:
    - "eth:0x0D7c8d7A16c7832869d8FeEf02730238CdFe083A"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.5:
    - "eth:0x2D542881E93491e765E5110c1e373FC2968E720A"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.2.6:
    - "eth:0x970d1Fa79c64b256ef68bBFEab34137786811C7F"
    + "eth:0x4EDD62189732e9fF476ABa880b48c29432A7AC9B"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.1:
    - "0x658a93571ca9733ba346bd746790a6d07821d86c89fd90809e85bf7f2f8d9797"
    + "0x3425fd24435e4aefdb08f3970e61e446eb5d21a1e0c916d1ba9331b060b72192"
    values.$pastUpgrades.6.0:
    - "2022-01-13T08:08:51.000Z"
    + "2024-05-20T06:39:35.000Z"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.0:
    - "eth:0x4EDD62189732e9fF476ABa880b48c29432A7AC9B"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.1:
    - "eth:0x62BCA4DB742A99c834e2c24b609656A70EA25379"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.2:
    - "eth:0x8536850750956c2FEebeCAB786d82271a5467687"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.3:
    - "eth:0x1c3A4EfF75a287Fe6249CAb49606FA25659929A2"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.4:
    - "eth:0x3799ad2a4Eb4E882219B02C036656d4ECbD437A1"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.5:
    - "eth:0x1688abB0B5c72F34B7f78e857Aa317deD5B5D339"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.2.6:
    - "eth:0xB3788a88F063B217227E27ae16Ba550db3132bE6"
    + "eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.1:
    - "0x3425fd24435e4aefdb08f3970e61e446eb5d21a1e0c916d1ba9331b060b72192"
    + "0x07ac699d0dc30804af73843cc1cba5f50780135e25932cf78be69a3e6c11b194"
    values.$pastUpgrades.7.0:
    - "2024-05-20T06:39:35.000Z"
    + "2026-03-05T01:07:11.000Z"
    values.$upgradeCount:
    - 8
    + 9
    values.defaultVaultWithdrawalLock:
    - 0
    values.DEPOSIT_CANCEL_DELAY:
    - 172800
    values.FREEZE_GRACE_PERIOD:
    - 604800
    values.getLastBatchId:
    - 37990
    values.getOrderRoot:
    - "168353765887718686397671181439168594225139531838374564195072013673941816314"
    values.getOrderTreeHeight:
    - 63
    values.getRegisteredAvailabilityVerifiers:
    - ["eth:0x16BA0f221664A5189cf2C1a7AF0d3AbFc70aA295"]
    values.getRegisteredVerifiers:
    - ["eth:0x6e3AbCE72A3CD5edc05E59283c733Fd4bF8B3baE"]
    values.getSequenceNumber:
    - 37802
    values.getVaultRoot:
    - "543280986076401044787518957175086881219650536676907070252569311042264623146"
    values.getVaultTreeHeight:
    - 31
    values.implementation:
    - "eth:0x4EDD62189732e9fF476ABa880b48c29432A7AC9B"
    + "eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806"
    values.isStrictVaultBalancePolicy:
    - false
    values.MAIN_GOVERNANCE_INFO_TAG:
    - "StarkEx.Main.2019.GovernorsInformation"
    values.MAX_FORCED_ACTIONS_REQS_PER_BLOCK:
    - 10
    values.MAX_VERIFIER_COUNT:
    - 64
    values.operators:
    - ["eth:0x9B7f7d0d23d4CAce5A3157752D0D4e4bf25E927e"]
    values.orderRegistryAddress:
    - "eth:0x518c4A79a1102eEDc987005CA8cE6B87Ca14dDf8"
    values.STARKEX_MAX_DEFAULT_VAULT_LOCK:
    - 604800
    values.StarkWareDiamond_upgradeDelay:
    - 1209600
    values.tokenAdmins:
    - ["eth:0xdc1bFbC2B8f01439eEea8e4659bbb452D0f9eE2A","eth:0xeDb0219557ba13816f1dEb7fA54688362B05A5aE"]
    values.UNFREEZE_DELAY:
    - 31536000
    values.VERIFIER_REMOVAL_DELAY:
    - 2419200
    values.VERSION:
    - "4.0.1"
    + "StarkEx-IMX-Migration-1.0.0"
    values.getAssetInfo:
    + []
    values.migrationManager:
    + "eth:0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192"
    values.NATIVE_ETH:
    + "eth:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000Eee"
    values.rootSenderAdapter:
    + "eth:0x9Fabd9Cc71f15b9Cfd717E117FBb9cfD9fC7cd32"
    values.StarkWareProxy_upgradeDelay:
    + 1209600
    values.vaultRoot:
    + "543280986076401044787518957175086881219650536676907070252569311042264623146"
    values.zkEVMBridge:
    + "eth:0xBa5E35E26Ae59c7aea6F029B68c6460De2d13eB6"
    values.zkEVMWithdrawalProcessor:
    + "eth:0xCeA34C706C4A18E103575832Dd21fD3656026D1E"
    fieldMeta:
    - {"$admin":{"severity":"HIGH","description":"Permissioned to upgrade the proxy implementations and access all `onlyGovernance` restricted functions in the various implementation contracts."},"isFinalized":{"severity":"HIGH","description":"Finalizes most of the configuration of the contract, which cannot be changed afterwards (only thorugh an upgrade)."},"DEPOSIT_CANCEL_DELAY":{"description":"The time delay required before canceled deposits to the L2 can be reclaimed."}}
    implementationNames.eth:0x4EDD62189732e9fF476ABa880b48c29432A7AC9B:
    - "StarkExchange"
    implementationNames.eth:0x62BCA4DB742A99c834e2c24b609656A70EA25379:
    - "AllVerifiers"
    implementationNames.eth:0x8536850750956c2FEebeCAB786d82271a5467687:
    - "TokensAndRamping"
    implementationNames.eth:0x1c3A4EfF75a287Fe6249CAb49606FA25659929A2:
    - "StarkExState"
    implementationNames.eth:0x3799ad2a4Eb4E882219B02C036656d4ECbD437A1:
    - "ForcedActions"
    implementationNames.eth:0x1688abB0B5c72F34B7f78e857Aa317deD5B5D339:
    - "OnchainVaults"
    implementationNames.eth:0xB3788a88F063B217227E27ae16Ba550db3132bE6:
    - "ProxyUtils"
    implementationNames.eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806:
    + "StarkExchangeMigration"
    category:
    - {"name":"Local Infrastructure","priority":5}
    }
    - Status: DELETED
    contract GpsFactRegistryAdapter (eth:0x6e3AbCE72A3CD5edc05E59283c733Fd4bF8B3baE)
    +++ description: Adapter between the core contract and the eth:0x47312450B3Ac8b5b8e247a6bB6d523e7605bDb60. Stores the Cairo programHash (`3485280386001712778192330279103973322645241679001461923469191557000342180556`).
    contract IMXAdminMultisig (eth:0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192) {
    +++ description: None
    receivedPermissions.0.via:
    + [{"address":"eth:0xdE2BCd3F0297d29c25e83228E5A33C0b43b51Ec8"}]
    receivedPermissions.0.role:
    - ".$admin"
    + "admin"
    receivedPermissions.0.from:
    - "eth:0x5FDCCA53617f4d2b9134B29090C87D01058e27e9"
    + "eth:0x4f49B53928A71E553bB1B0F66a5BcB54Fd4E8932"
    receivedPermissions.0.permission:
    - "governStarknet"
    + "upgrade"
    receivedPermissions.1.role:
    - ".$admin"
    + "admin"
    receivedPermissions.1.description:
    - "manage the token admin role."
    receivedPermissions.1.permission:
    - "interact"
    + "upgrade"
    receivedPermissions.2.via:
    + [{"address":"eth:0xdE2BCd3F0297d29c25e83228E5A33C0b43b51Ec8"}]
    receivedPermissions.2.role:
    - ".$admin"
    + "admin"
    receivedPermissions.2.delay:
    - 1209600
    receivedPermissions.2.from:
    - "eth:0x5FDCCA53617f4d2b9134B29090C87D01058e27e9"
    + "eth:0xBa5E35E26Ae59c7aea6F029B68c6460De2d13eB6"
    directlyReceivedPermissions:
    + [{"permission":"act","from":"eth:0xdE2BCd3F0297d29c25e83228E5A33C0b43b51Ec8","role":".owner"}]
    }
    + Status: CREATED
    contract AxelarGasService (eth:0x2d5d7d31F671F86C782533cc367F14109a082712)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract AxelarGatewayProxyMultisig (eth:0x4F4495243837681061C4743b74B3eEdf548D56A5)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract RootAxelarBridgeAdaptor (eth:0x4f49B53928A71E553bB1B0F66a5BcB54Fd4E8932)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract StarkExchangeMigration (eth:0x58b5484F489f7858DC83a5a677338074b57de806)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract Operators (eth:0x7DdB2d76b80B0AA19bDEa48EB1301182F4CeefbC)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract ChildERC20 (eth:0x8804A8aA1F18f23aE8A456dD73806FdA3219FaD1)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract VaultRootSenderAdapter (eth:0x9Fabd9Cc71f15b9Cfd717E117FBb9cfD9fC7cd32)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract RootERC20BridgeFlowRate (eth:0xBa5E35E26Ae59c7aea6F029B68c6460De2d13eB6)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract Wrapped Ether Token (eth:0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract ProxyAdmin (eth:0xdE2BCd3F0297d29c25e83228E5A33C0b43b51Ec8)
    +++ description: None
    + Status: CREATED
    contract Immutable X Token (eth:0xF57e7e7C23978C3cAEC3C3548E3D615c346e79fF)
    +++ description: None
    2026 March 02, 11:28 UTC
    2changes

    Rotated ms member.

    contract IMXAdminMultisig (eth:0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192) {
    +++ description: None
    values.$members.5:
    - "eth:0xb3538EDB1cD74AE43e0aD25eac6F03553657E3fB"
    + "eth:0x94e97260182B9537822687Dd3c301225c6f87a5e"
    }
    2025 March 07, 13:48 UTC
    2changes

    MS: single member change.

    contract IMXAdminMultisig (0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192) {
    +++ description: None
    values.$members.5:
    - "0xbD8Dc294478ec4dAd9f1b4596bf275f4d0309817"
    + "0xb3538EDB1cD74AE43e0aD25eac6F03553657E3fB"
    }
    2024 December 12, 15:33 UTC
    6changes

    Removed Multisig1 as admin of StarkExchange, now admin is only Multisig2.

    contract StarkExchange (0x5FDCCA53617f4d2b9134B29090C87D01058e27e9) {
    +++ description: None
    issuedPermissions.1:
    - {"permission":"upgrade","target":"0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192","via":[]}
    issuedPermissions.0.target:
    - "0x9C41deab42Bae7c0ec4DB3cECc0faD86F4D6EC91"
    + "0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192"
    values.$admin:
    - ["0x9C41deab42Bae7c0ec4DB3cECc0faD86F4D6EC91","0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192"]
    + "0xD2C37fC6fD89563187f3679304975655e448D192"
    }
    - Status: DELETED
    contract IMXProxyGovernanceMultisig1 (0x9C41deab42Bae7c0ec4DB3cECc0faD86F4D6EC91)
    +++ description: None

    The system has a centralized operator

    The operator is the only entity that can propose blocks. A live and trustworthy operator is vital to the health of the system. Typically, the Operator is the hot wallet of the StarkEx service submitting state updates for which proofs have been already submitted and verified.

    • MEV can be extracted if the operator exploits their centralized position and frontruns user transactions.

    1. Operator - StarkEx documentation

    Users can force exit the system

    Force exit allows the users to escape censorship by withdrawing their funds. The system allows users to force the withdrawal of funds by submitting a request directly to the contract onchain. The request must be served within a defined time period. If this does not happen, the system will halt regular operation and permit trustless withdrawal of funds.

    • Users can be censored if the operator refuses to include their transactions. However, there exists a mechanism to independently exit the system.

    1. Censorship Prevention - StarkEx documentation

    Regular exit

    The user initiates the withdrawal by submitting a regular transaction on this chain. When the block containing that transaction is settled the funds become available for withdrawal on L1. ZK proofs are required to settle blocks. Finally the user submits an L1 transaction to claim the funds. When withdrawing NFTs they are minted on L1.

    1. Withdrawal - StarkEx documentation

    Forced exit

    If the user experiences censorship from the operator with regular exit they can submit their withdrawal requests directly on L1. The system is then obliged to service this request. Once the force operation is submitted and if the request is serviced, the operation follows the flow of a regular exit.

    1. Forced Operations - StarkEx documentation
    2. Full Withdrawal - StarkEx documentation

    Emergency exit

    If the enough time deadline passes and the forced exit is still ignored the user can put the system into a frozen state, disallowing further state updates. In that case everybody can withdraw by submitting a merkle proof of their funds with their L1 transaction.

    1. Forced Operations - StarkEx documentation
    2. Full Withdrawal - StarkEx documentation
    A dashboard to explore contracts and permissions
    Go to Disco
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    Ethereum

    Actors:

    IMXAdminMultisig0xD2C3…D192

    A Multisig with 4/6 threshold.

    • Can upgrade with no delay
      • RootAxelarBridgeAdaptor
      • StarkExchange
      • RootERC20BridgeFlowRate
    Used in:
    • Can upgrade with no delay
      • AxelarGasService
    A dashboard to explore contracts and permissions
    Go to Disco
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    A diagram of the smart contract architecture
    A diagram of the smart contract architecture

    Ethereum

    • Roles:
      • admin: EOA 1
    Can be upgraded by:
    AxelarGatewayProxyMultisig0x4F44…56A5
    • Roles:
      • admin: ProxyAdmin; ultimately IMXAdminMultisig
    Proxy used in:
    StarkExchangeMigration0x58b5…e806
    • Roles:
      • admin: IMXAdminMultisig
    The following tokens are included in the value secured calculation:
    ETH token logoIMX token logoUSDC token logoOMI token logo
    Operators0x7DdB…efbC
    ChildERC200x8804…FaD1
    VaultRootSenderAdapter0x9Fab…cd32
    • Roles:
      • admin: ProxyAdmin; ultimately IMXAdminMultisig
    Proxy used in:
    ProxyAdmin0xdE2B…1Ec8
    • Roles:
      • owner: IMXAdminMultisig
    Used in:

    The current deployment carries some associated risks:

    • Funds can be stolen if a contract receives a malicious code upgrade. There is a 14d delay on code upgrades.