Facet

There is no privileged entity that sequences transactions or produces blocks. This activity is permissionless and open to anyone.

Because the state of the system is based on transactions submitted on the underlying host chain and anyone can submit their transactions there it allows the users to circumvent censorship by interacting with the EOA inbox on the host chain directly.

The user initiates L2->L1 messages by submitting a regular transaction on this chain. When the block containing that transaction is settled, the message becomes available for processing on L1. The process of block finalization takes a challenge period of 7d to complete. The challenge period can be shortened if the block is proven by providing a ZK proof.

Facet’s Rollup contract publishes L2 state roots but is not paired with a canonical bridge escrow. Anyone can deploy a bridge that reads the Rollup’s anchor state root to bridge arbitrary tokens; each bridge has its own L2 counterpart, so the same L1 token bridged through different bridges results in different L2 representations. Trust assumptions (operator role, upgradeability, withdrawal logic) are bridge-specific and do not propagate from the Rollup. The risk analysis on this page covers the Rollup and its proof system only; any bridge built on top must be assessed separately. Known bridges today include the FacetEtherBridgeV6 fast ETH bridge, whose withdrawals are processed by a permissioned EOA operator and do not depend on the Rollup state, and a legacy L1Bridge immutably bound to RollupDeprecated, which no longer receives state-root proposals.

Facet uses FCT as its native gas token, which is minted through L1 gas consumption rather than being pre-minted. FCT issuance is directly tied to the amount of L1 ETH burned to pay calldata gas in Ethereum transactions, calculated as:

FCT minted = ETH burned for calldata × mint rate

ETH burned for calldata = L1 base fee × (total L1 gas cost - 21,000)

The system targets issuing ~78,300 FCT every 500 Facet blocks. If less than the target is minted in 500 blocks, the mint rate increases proportionally (up to a maximum 4x increase). If the target is reached in fewer than 500 blocks, the mint rate decreases proportionally (up to a maximum 75% decrease).

The maximum supply of FCT is ~1.65B. Once 50% of the supply is minted, the per-period target (now ~78,300) will be halved. It will be halved again at 75%, then at 87.5%, and so forth. The period target and period length are selected so that halvings will occur approximately every 5,256,000 blocks.

This mechanism is similar to standard OP Stack guaranteed gas markets, where L1 gas is burned to purchase L2 gas for deposits through an EIP-1559-style fee market. However, on Facet, gas purchased in this way accrues to the purchaser’s native balance on the L2, whereas in the OP Stack it can only be used for a single transaction.

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