Costs

Onchain Costs tracks the fees paid by L2s to Ethereum for posting transaction data, proofs, and state updates. These costs provide insights into the economic efficiency of different solutions. Note that these values represent the costs incurred by the L2 itself, not the fees paid directly by users.

Rollups are L2s that periodically post state commitments to Ethereum. These commitments are validated by either Validity Proofs or are accepted optimistically and can be challenged via Fraud Proof mechanism within a certain fraud proof window. Additionally L2 data is also posted to Ethereum, hence there are no additional trust assumptions introduced.

Onchain costs stacked by type

2025 May 30 — Jun 29

#		name	Avg PER L2 User op		Calldata	Blobs	Compute	Overhead	L2 User ops count

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