L2BEAT - The state of the layer two ecosystem

Rollups only

Type

Optimistic Rollup

Optimium

Plasma

Validium

ZK Rollup

Type

Optimistic Rollup

Optimium

Plasma

Validium

ZK Rollup

Stack

Arbitrum

Cartesi Rollups

Loopring

OP Stack

OVM

Polygon

StarkEx

Starknet

Taiko

ZK Stack

ZKsync Lite

zkLink Nexus

No provider

Stack

Arbitrum

Cartesi Rollups

Loopring

OP Stack

OVM

Polygon

StarkEx

Starknet

Taiko

ZK Stack

ZKsync Lite

zkLink Nexus

No provider

Stage

Not applicable

Stage 0

Stage 1

Stage 2

Under review

Stage

Not applicable

Stage 0

Stage 1

Stage 2

Under review

Purpose

AMM

Bitcoin DApps

Bug bounty

DeFi

Exchange

Gaming

Information

Interoperability

IoT

Launchpad

Lending

Music

NFT

Oracles

Payments

Privacy

Private payments

RWA

Restaking

Social

Storage

Universal

Purpose

AMM

Bitcoin DApps

Bug bounty

DeFi

Exchange

Gaming

Information

Interoperability

IoT

Launchpad

Lending

Music

NFT

Oracles

Payments

Privacy

Private payments

RWA

Restaking

Social

Storage

Universal

Exclude associated tokens

Layer 2 projectsLayer 2s64 Layer 3 projectsLayer 3s18 Upcoming projectsUpcoming81 Archived projectsArchived12

#	Name	Risks Risks associated with this project.	TypeType Type of this project. Determines data availability and proof system used. ZK Rollups = Validity Proofs + onchain data Optimistic Rollups = Fraud Proofs + onchain data Validiums = Validity Proofs + offchain data Optimiums = Fraud Proofs + offchain data	Stage Rollup stage based on its features and maturity.	Purpose Functionality supported by this project.	Total Total value locked in escrow contracts on Ethereum displayed together with a percentage changed compared to 7D ago. Some projects may include externally bridged and natively minted assets.	Mkt share Share of the sum of total value locked of all projects.
1	Arbitrum One Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability On chain Exit window 2d Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Stage 1 Stage 1 Limited training wheels Items missing for Stage 2 Fraud proof submission is open only to whitelisted actors. Upgrades unrelated to on-chain provable bugs provide less than 30d to exit. The Security Council's actions are not confined to on-chain provable bugs. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$17.11 B 3.74% ARB14.10% Ether41.35% Stablecoins27.41% Other17.14% $14.70 B 3.03% Ether48.14% Stablecoins31.91% Other19.96%	39.68% 41.11%
2	Base Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$7.19 B 1.19% Ether27.95% Stablecoins42.16% Other29.89% $7.19 B 1.19% Ether27.95% Stablecoins42.16% Other29.89%	16.69% 20.13%
3	OP Mainnet	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 1 Stage 1 Limited training wheels Items missing for Stage 2 Upgrades unrelated to on-chain provable bugs provide less than 30d to exit. The Security Council's actions are not confined to on-chain provable bugs. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$6.45 B 6.75% OP29.92% Ether27.95% Stablecoins22.39% Other19.75% $4.52 B 4.60% Ether39.87% Stablecoins31.95% Other28.18%	14.97% 12.65%
4	Blast Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal, DeFi	$2.31 B 12.23% BLAST12.00% Ether69.94% Stablecoins15.23% Other2.82% The TVL does account for rehypothecated tokens. $2.04 B 12.14% Ether79.49% Stablecoins17.31% Other3.20% The TVL does account for rehypothecated tokens.	5.38% 5.71%
5	Mantle Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$1.32 B 6.41% MNT13.83% Ether57.01% Stablecoins20.05% Other9.11% $1.14 B 6.70% Ether66.16% Stablecoins23.27% Other10.57%	3.07% 3.20%
6	Scroll	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	ZK Rollup	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels There is no available node software that can reconstruct the state from L1 data, hence there is no way to verify that this system is a rollup. Items missing for Stage 1 Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. The Security Council is not properly set up. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$1.32 B 3.14% Ether79.55% Stablecoins8.70% Other11.75% $1.32 B 3.14% Ether79.55% Stablecoins8.70% Other11.75%	3.07% 3.70%
7	Linea The circuit of the program being proven is not public.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	ZK Rollup	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels There is no available node software that can reconstruct the state from L1 data, hence there is no way to verify that this system is a rollup. Items missing for Stage 1 Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Security Council members are not publicly known. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$1.16 B 8.55% Ether87.60% Stablecoins5.36% Other7.05% $1.16 B 8.55% Ether87.60% Stablecoins5.36% Other7.05%	2.71% 3.27%
8	ZKsync Era Withdrawals are delayed by 21h. The length of the delay can be arbitrarily set by a MultiSig.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Enqueue via L1 State validation ZK proofs Data availability On chain (SD) Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$1.13 B 9.92% ZK51.40% Ether36.43% Stablecoins6.89% Other5.27% $552.91 M 8.70% Ether74.97% Stablecoins14.18% Other10.84%	2.64% 1.55%
9	Starknet	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability On chain (SD) Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	ZK Rollup This project is based on Starknet's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$706.09 M 3.87% STRK53.30% Ether32.43% Stablecoins9.84% Other4.43% $329.72 M 0.78% Ether69.46% Stablecoins21.06% Other9.48%	1.64% 0.92%
10	Manta Pacific Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$637.04 M 4.53% MANTA56.50% Ether31.76% Stablecoins4.65% Other7.09% $277.11 M 5.79% Ether73.00% Stablecoins10.70% Other16.30%	1.48% 0.77%
11	Mode Network Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$557.18 M 2.69% MODE5.63% Ether26.59% Stablecoins2.84% Other64.94% $525.81 M 2.22% Ether28.18% Stablecoins3.01% Other68.81%	1.29% 1.47%
12	Metis Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Enqueue via L1 State validation In development Data availability External (MEMO) Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on old OVM's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$407.49 M 3.70% Metis88.85% Ether3.09% Stablecoins7.98% Other0.08% The Metis token associated with Metis Andromeda accounts for 88.85% of the TVL! $45.44 M 6.14% Ether27.73% Stablecoins71.54% Other0.73%	0.94% 0.13%
13	Lisk Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$307.69 M 1.22% LSK99.91% Ether0.09% Stablecoins0.00% The LSK token associated with Lisk accounts for 99.91% of the TVL! The TVL currently also accounts for illiquid LSK tokens on the L2. $265.66 K 22.82% Ether98.96% Stablecoins1.04% The TVL currently also accounts for illiquid LSK tokens on the L2.	0.71% 0.00%
14	dYdX v3 This page describes dYdX v3, which is an L2 built on Ethereum. Recently deployed dYdX v4 is a separate blockchain based on Cosmos SDK, unrelated to Ethereum and is using different technology. No information on this page applies to dYdX v4.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is built using StarkEx.	Stage 1 Stage 1 Limited training wheels Items missing for Stage 2 Upgrades unrelated to on-chain provable bugs provide less than 30d to exit. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Exchange	$261.08 M 9.89% Stablecoins100.00% $261.08 M 9.89% Stablecoins100.00%	0.61% 0.73%
15	Taiko	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation SGX Proofs Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Taiko's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. The Security Council is not properly set up. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$170.99 M 7.78% TAIKO80.96% Ether11.52% Stablecoins4.99% Other2.54% The TAIKO token associated with Taiko accounts for 80.96% of the TVL! $32.56 M 0.65% Ether60.48% Stablecoins26.21% Other13.32%	0.40% 0.09%
16	Immutable X	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	NFT, Exchange	$137.10 M 2.72% IMX75.12% Ether14.73% Stablecoins0.58% Other9.57% $34.11 M 4.07% Ether59.19% Stablecoins2.33% Other38.48%	0.32% 0.10%
17	Fraxtal Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal, DeFi	$126.05 M 25.60% FXS and FPIS19.16% Ether29.25% Stablecoins42.79% Other8.80% $101.89 M 34.30% Ether36.19% Stablecoins52.93% Other10.88%	0.29% 0.28%
18	Polygon zkEVM The forced transaction mechanism is currently disabled.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	ZK Rollup This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Security Council members are not publicly known. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$124.74 M 4.51% POL and MATIC45.39% Ether27.32% Stablecoins16.62% Other10.66% The TVL is currently shared among all projects using the shared Polygon CDK contracts. $68.12 M 5.05% Ether50.03% Stablecoins30.44% Other19.53% The TVL is currently shared among all projects using the shared Polygon CDK contracts.	0.29% 0.19%
19	Astar zkEVM	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	n/a	Universal	Coming soon Coming soon	— —
20	GPT Protocol This project is under review.	Risk analysis is In review Projects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing.	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	In review In review Stage under reviewProjects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	AI	Coming soon Coming soon	— —
21	Pay Chain This project is under review.	Risk analysis is In review Projects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing.	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	In review In review Stage under reviewProjects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Payments	Coming soon Coming soon	— —
22	Witness Chain	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	n/a	IoT, Oracles	Coming soon Coming soon	— —
23	X Layer	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	n/a	Universal	Coming soon Coming soon	— —
24	BOB Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels The requirement for available node software is under review Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Bitcoin DApps	$113.49 M 2.20% Ether13.29% Stablecoins4.06% Other82.65% $113.49 M 2.20% Ether13.29% Stablecoins4.06% Other82.65%	0.26% 0.32%
25	RSS3 Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	AI, Information	$103.61 M 4.86% RSS3100.00% The RSS3 token associated with RSS3 Value Sublayer accounts for 100.00% of the TVL! $0.00 0.00% No tokens	0.24% 0.00%
26	ApeX	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	Exchange	$87.48 M 1.06% Stablecoins100.00% $87.48 M 1.06% Stablecoins100.00%	0.20% 0.24%
27	Karak Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$70.47 M 7.32% Ether73.78% Stablecoins26.22% $70.47 M 7.32% Ether73.78% Stablecoins26.22%	0.16% 0.20%
28	ZKsync Lite	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window 7d Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZKsync Lite's codebase.	Stage 1 Stage 1 Limited training wheels Items missing for Stage 2 Upgrades unrelated to on-chain provable bugs provide less than 30d to exit. The Security Council's actions are not confined to on-chain provable bugs. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Payments	$69.29 M 7.52% Ether79.97% Stablecoins18.72% Other1.31% $69.29 M 7.52% Ether79.97% Stablecoins18.72% Other1.31%	0.16% 0.19%
29	Aevo Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Exchange	$63.51 M 3.06% Ether23.10% Stablecoins76.07% Other0.84% $63.51 M 3.06% Ether23.10% Stablecoins76.07% Other0.84%	0.15% 0.18%
30	Loopring	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on Loopring's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels There is no available node software that can reconstruct the state from L1 data, hence there is no way to verify that this system is a rollup. Items missing for Stage 1 Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	NFT, AMM	$62.48 M 6.79% LRC40.63% Ether41.63% Stablecoins8.13% Other9.61% $37.09 M 5.45% Ether70.12% Stablecoins13.69% Other16.18%	0.14% 0.10%
31	Lyra Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Exchange	$60.92 M 2.47% Ether41.81% Stablecoins34.84% Other23.35% $60.92 M 2.47% Ether41.81% Stablecoins34.84% Other23.35%	0.14% 0.17%
32	DeGate V1	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window 30d Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on Loopring's codebase.	Stage 2 Stage 2 No training wheels Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Exchange	$54.08 M 3.27% DG50.27% Ether3.24% Stablecoins44.02% Other2.48% $26.89 M 1.09% Ether6.51% Stablecoins88.51% Other4.98%	0.13% 0.08%
33	Re.al Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	n/a	RWA, Universal	$53.09 M 29.33% Ether2.86% Stablecoins0.00% Other97.14% $53.09 M 29.33% Ether2.86% Stablecoins0.00% Other97.14%	0.12% 0.15%
34	Reya Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	n/a	DeFi, AMM, Exchange	$49.77 M 1.16% Ether0.58% Stablecoins99.42% $49.77 M 1.16% Ether0.58% Stablecoins99.42%	0.12% 0.14%
35	Arbitrum Nova Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window 2d Proposer failure Self propose	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$46.62 M 7.01% ARB0.36% Ether97.39% Stablecoins2.10% Other0.14% $46.45 M 7.01% Ether97.75% Stablecoins2.11% Other0.14%	0.11% 0.13%
36	ZKFair The forced transaction mechanism is currently disabled. The project claims to use CelestiaDA but smart contracts on L1 use DAC. Arbitrary messaging passing is removed from the bridge.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$41.75 M 17.85% ZKF37.25% Ether22.66% Stablecoins20.17% Other19.92% $26.19 M 2.92% Ether36.12% Stablecoins32.14% Other31.74%	0.10% 0.07%
37	rhino.fi	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	Exchange	$38.99 M 7.51% DVF5.63% Ether75.93% Stablecoins12.79% Other5.65% $36.79 M 7.71% Ether80.46% Stablecoins13.56% Other5.99%	0.09% 0.10%
38	Cyber Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal, Social	$34.81 M 30.82% CYBER96.05% Ether3.67% Stablecoins0.06% Other0.22% The CYBER token associated with Cyber accounts for 96.05% of the TVL! $1.37 M 1.32% Ether92.81% Stablecoins1.63% Other5.56%	0.08% 0.00%
39	Kroma	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT, ZK) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$32.20 M 3.96% Ether30.13% Stablecoins3.20% Other66.67% $32.20 M 3.96% Ether30.13% Stablecoins3.20% Other66.67%	0.07% 0.09%
40	Orderly Network Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	DeFi, Exchange	$28.82 M 1.50% Ether2.44% Stablecoins97.56% $28.82 M 1.50% Ether2.44% Stablecoins97.56%	0.07% 0.08%
41	Kinto Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels There is no available node software that can reconstruct the state from L1 data, hence there is no way to verify that this system is a rollup. Items missing for Stage 1 Fraud proof submission is not sufficiently decentralized. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. The Security Council is not properly set up. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal, DeFi	$27.24 M 4.12% Ether58.10% Stablecoins22.78% Other19.12% $27.24 M 4.12% Ether58.10% Stablecoins22.78% Other19.12%	0.06% 0.08%
42	Zora Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal, NFT	$25.27 M 6.55% Ether98.98% Stablecoins1.02% $25.27 M 6.55% Ether98.98% Stablecoins1.02%	0.06% 0.07%
43	Sorare	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	NFT, Exchange	$22.03 M 4.79% Ether100.00% $22.03 M 4.79% Ether100.00%	0.05% 0.06%
44	Paradex	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure No mechanism State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability On chain (SD) Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	ZK Rollup This project is based on Starknet's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels There is no available node software that can reconstruct the state from L1 data, hence there is no way to verify that this system is a rollup. Items missing for Stage 1 Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Exchange	$17.98 M 2.48% Stablecoins100.00% $17.98 M 2.48% Stablecoins100.00%	0.04% 0.05%
45	Boba Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels The requirement for available node software is under review Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$14.60 M 8.31% BOBA and OMG42.37% Ether39.31% Stablecoins13.55% Other4.77% $8.41 M 10.30% Ether68.21% Stablecoins23.51% Other8.28%	0.03% 0.02%
46	ZKSpace	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window 5d Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZKsync Lite's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels There is no available node software that can reconstruct the state from L1 data, hence there is no way to verify that this system is a rollup. Items missing for Stage 1 Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	NFT, AMM, Payments	$3.10 M 1.21% ZKS87.25% Ether6.69% Stablecoins4.02% Other2.04% The ZKS token associated with ZKSpace accounts for 87.25% of the TVL! $395.80 K 3.60% Ether52.48% Stablecoins31.51% Other16.01%	0.01% 0.00%
47	Redstone Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal, Gaming	$2.08 M 9.18% Ether98.19% Stablecoins1.81% Other0.00% $2.08 M 9.18% Ether98.19% Stablecoins1.81% Other0.00%	0.00% 0.01%
48	Mint Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal, NFT	$1.79 M 23.28% Ether95.48% Stablecoins3.96% Other0.56% $1.79 M 23.28% Ether95.48% Stablecoins3.96% Other0.56%	0.00% 0.01%
49	HYCHAIN Critical contracts can be upgraded by an EOA which could result in the loss of all funds. Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	n/a	Gaming, NFT	$1.73 M 4.96% TOPIA100.00% The TOPIA token associated with HYCHAIN accounts for 100.00% of the TVL! $0.00 0.00% No tokens	0.00% 0.00%
50	tanX	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	Exchange	$1.43 M 1.32% Ether13.60% Stablecoins69.69% Other16.71% $1.43 M 1.32% Ether13.60% Stablecoins69.69% Other16.71%	0.00% 0.00%
51	Term Structure This project is under review.	Risk analysis is In review Projects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing.	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZKsync Lite's codebase.	In review In review Stage under reviewProjects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	DeFi, Lending	$1.30 M 2.07% Ether20.92% Stablecoins56.83% Other22.25% $1.30 M 2.07% Ether20.92% Stablecoins56.83% Other22.25%	0.00% 0.00%
52	AlienX This project is under review.	Risk analysis is In review Projects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing.	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	In review In review Stage under reviewProjects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	AI, Gaming, NFT	$989.74 K 11.52% Ether96.02% Stablecoins2.33% Other1.65% $989.74 K 11.52% Ether96.02% Stablecoins2.33% Other1.65%	0.00% 0.00%
53	PGN Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$856.56 K 6.42% Ether87.52% Stablecoins12.48% $856.56 K 6.42% Ether87.52% Stablecoins12.48%	0.00% 0.00%
54	Ancient8 Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Gaming	$743.48 K 16.94% Ether100.00% $743.48 K 16.94% Ether100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
55	Myria	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	NFT, Exchange	$185.50 K 7.42% Ether100.00% $185.50 K 7.42% Ether100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
56	Metal Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels The requirement for available node software is under review Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal	$174.63 K 6.74% Ether99.95% Stablecoins0.05% $174.63 K 6.74% Ether99.95% Stablecoins0.05%	0.00% 0.00%
57	Parallel Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels The requirement for available node software is under review Items missing for Stage 1 Fraud proof submission is not sufficiently decentralized. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. The Security Council is not properly set up. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal, DeFi	$155.31 K 9.66% Ether100.00% $155.31 K 9.66% Ether100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
58	Honeypot	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation None Data availability On chain Exit window ∞ Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Cartesi's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 There is no onchain fraud proof system. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Bug bounty	$148.80 K 0.88% Other100.00% $148.80 K 0.88% Other100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
59	Hypr Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$135.88 K 3.47% HYPR53.38% Ether46.62% $63.34 K 7.17% Ether100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
60	Edgeless Critical contracts can be upgraded by an EOA which could result in the loss of all funds. Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (INT) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Self propose	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	n/a	Universal	$67.86 K 7.15% Ether100.00% $67.86 K 7.15% Ether100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
61	Xterio Chain Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	n/a	Universal, Gaming	$26.85 K 9.24% Ether100.00% $26.85 K 9.24% Ether100.00%	0.00% 0.00%
62	Lambda Chain Critical contracts can be upgraded by an EOA which could result in the loss of all funds. Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation In development Data availability On chain Exit window None Proposer failure Cannot withdraw	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Stage 0 Stage 0 Full training wheels Items missing for Stage 1 The proof system is still under development. Users' withdrawals can be censored by the permissioned operators. Upgrades executed by actors with more centralized control than a Security Council provide less than 7d for users to exit if the permissioned operator is down or censoring. Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Universal, Storage	$22.23 K 7.50% Ether99.96% Stablecoins0.04% $22.23 K 7.50% Ether99.96% Stablecoins0.04%	0.00% 0.00%
63	RedSonic	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	n/a	Exchange, NFT, Gaming	$3.12 K 15.97% Ether38.41% Stablecoins61.59% $3.12 K 15.97% Ether38.41% Stablecoins61.59%	0.00% 0.00%
64	Fuel v1	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation Fraud proofs (1R) Data availability On chain Exit window ∞ Proposer failure Self propose	Optimistic Rollup	Stage 2 Stage 2 No training wheels Please mind, stages do not reflect rollup security	Payments	$833.37 7.02% Ether97.84% Stablecoins2.16% $833.37 7.02% Ether97.84% Stablecoins2.16%	0.00% 0.00%

–This project is built using StarkEx.

–This project is based on OP Stack's code base.

–This project is based on old OVM's code base.

–This project is based on ZKsync Lite's code base.

–This project is based on ZK Stack's code base.

–This project is based on Loopring's code base.

–This project is based on Arbitrum's code base.

–This project is based on Polygon's code base.

–This project is based on Starknet's code base.

–This project is based on Taiko's code base.

–This project is based on Cartesi's code base.

#	Name	TypeType Type of this project. Determines data availability and proof system used. ZK Rollups = Validity Proofs + onchain data Optimistic Rollups = Fraud Proofs + onchain data Validiums = Validity Proofs + offchain data Optimiums = Fraud Proofs + offchain data	TechnologyTech The technology stack used.	Host Chain The chain, on top of which the L3 is built.	Purpose Functionality supported by this project.	Total Total value locked in escrow contracts on the base chain displayed together with a percentage changed compared to 7D ago. Some projects may include externally bridged and natively minted assets.
1	zkLink Nova This project contains unverified contracts.	Validium	zkLink Nexus	Linea	Universal	$738.12 M 7.15% Ether13.39% Stablecoins0.29% Other86.32% $738.12 M 7.15% Ether13.39% Stablecoins0.29% Other86.32%
2	Sanko Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	Gaming, NFT, Social	$15.49 M 13.75% DMT84.36% Ether0.47% Stablecoins0.62% Other14.56% The DMT token associated with Sanko accounts for 84.36% of the TVL! $2.42 M 19.10% Ether2.98% Stablecoins3.95% Other93.07%
3	Degen Chain Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Base	Social, DeFi, Universal	$2.72 M 4.06% DEGEN100.00% The DEGEN token associated with Degen Chain accounts for 100.00% of the TVL! $0.00 0.00% No tokens
4	Xai Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	Gaming	$1.86 M 11.58% XAI70.59% Ether15.13% Stablecoins14.28% Other0.00% $548.20 K 10.15% Ether51.45% Stablecoins48.54% Other0.01%
5	Proof of Play Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	Gaming, NFT	$884.37 K 5.04% Ether100.00% $884.37 K 5.04% Ether100.00%
6	RARI Chain Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	NFT	$539.01 K 7.26% Ether99.97% Stablecoins0.00% Other0.02% $539.01 K 7.26% Ether99.97% Stablecoins0.00% Other0.02%
7	Hook This project is under review.	Optimistic Rollup	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	DeFi, NFT, Exchange	$280.86 K 7.76% Ether79.25% Stablecoins20.75% $280.86 K 7.76% Ether79.25% Stablecoins20.75%
8	Molten Network Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	DeFi	$37.88 K 1.67% MOLTEN5.89% Ether0.03% Stablecoins94.08% $35.65 K 0.06% Ether0.04% Stablecoins99.96%
9	L3X Critical contracts can be upgraded by an EOA which could result in the loss of all funds. Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	DeFi	$31.95 K 7.02% Ether99.42% Stablecoins0.58% $31.95 K 7.02% Ether99.42% Stablecoins0.58%
10	Frame Chain Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Optimistic Rollup	OP Stack	Base	Social, NFT	$20.39 K 7.17% Ether100.00% $20.39 K 7.17% Ether100.00%
11	Deri Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimistic Rollup	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	DeFi	$18.51 K 7.17% Ether100.00% $18.51 K 7.17% Ether100.00%
12	Stack Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	Optimium	OP Stack	Base	Social, RWA	$2.02 K 7.17% Ether100.00% $2.02 K 7.17% Ether100.00%
13	Bugless This project is under review.	Optimistic Rollup	Cartesi Rollups	OP Mainnet	Bug bounty	Coming soon Coming soon
14	DODOchain This project is under review.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	DeFi	Coming soon Coming soon
15	Teva Chain This project is under review.	ZK Rollup	ZK Stack	ZKsync Era	Gaming	Coming soon Coming soon
16	ORB3 This project is under review.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	Gaming, NFT, DeFi, Social	Coming soon Coming soon
17	Muster This project is under review.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum One	Gaming	Coming soon Coming soon
18	PlayBlock This project contains unverified contracts. Critical contracts can be upgraded by an EOA which could result in the loss of all funds. Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	Optimium	Arbitrum Orbit	Arbitrum Nova	Gaming	$0.00 0.00% No tokens $0.00 0.00% No tokens

#	Name	TypeType Type of this project. Determines data availability and proof system used. ZK Rollups = Validity Proofs + onchain data Optimistic Rollups = Fraud Proofs + onchain data Validiums = Validity Proofs + offchain data Optimiums = Fraud Proofs + offchain data	Purpose Functionality supported by this project.
1	AIE Chain	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	AI
2	Aleph Zero EVM	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Privacy
3	Arcology Network	Optimistic Rollup	Universal
4	Align Network	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Social
5	Axonum	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal, AI
6	Aztec	ZK Rollup	Universal, Privacy
7	Camp	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal
8	Canto	ZK Rollup This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Universal
9	Capx	ZK Rollup This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	DeFi
10	Celo	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal
11	Coti	Optimistic Rollup	Universal, Privacy
12	Cronos zkEVM	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Universal
13	Debank Chain	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal, Social
14	Ebi	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	DeFi
15	Eclipse	Optimistic Rollup	Universal
16	Ethernity	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal, AI
17	Everclear	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Interoperability
18	Fhenix	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Universal
19	Fluent	ZK Rollup	Universal
20	Form	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal, Social
21	Frame	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Universal, NFT
22	Fuel	Optimistic Rollup	Universal
23	Gravity	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Social
24	GRVT	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	DeFi
25	Gwyneth	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Taiko's codebase.	Universal
26	Hybrid	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	AI
27	Kakarot zkEVM	ZK Rollup	Universal
28	Lens	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Social
29	Lumia	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Universal, Restaking
30	Millicent One	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	RWA
31	Morph	Optimistic Rollup	Universal
32	M2	Validium	Universal
33	MyShell L2	Optimium This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	AI
34	=nil;	ZK Rollup	Universal
35	Network3	Validium	AI, Privacy
36	OEV Network	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Oracles
37	Ola	ZK Rollup	Privacy
38	Palm	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	NFT
39	Payy	ZK Rollup	Payments, DeFi
40	PlayChain	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Gaming, Universal
41	Plume Network	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	RWA
42	Polygon Miden	ZK Rollup This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Universal
43	Polygon PoS 2.0	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Universal
44	Reddio zkVM	ZK Rollup This project is based on Starknet's codebase.	Universal, Gaming
45	RISE	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal
46	Sophon	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Universal
47	Social Network	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Bitcoin DApps
48	Specular	Optimistic Rollup	Universal
49	StealthChain	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Launchpad
50	Superseed	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal
51	Swell	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Universal, Restaking
52	Space and Time	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	AI, Information
53	Telos zkEVM	ZK Rollup	Universal
54	Ten	Optimistic Rollup	Universal, Privacy
55	Tradable	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	RWA, DeFi
56	Treasure Chain	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming
57	World Chain	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal
58	XCHAIN	Validium This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Exchange
59	zkXPLA	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Universal, Gaming
60	Zentachain	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on OP Stack's codebase.	Universal, Privacy
61	Zero Network	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Universal
62	Zircuit	ZK Rollup	Universal
63	zkCandy	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	Universal, Gaming
64	zkLighter	Validium This project is based on ZK Stack's codebase.	DeFi
65	Anomaly Network	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming, AI
66	AnimeChain	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming, DeFi
67	AlphaDune	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming, DeFi
68	ApeChain	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming
69	Avive World	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Social
70	DCA.Monster	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Cartesi's codebase.	AMM
71	EDU	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Social
72	Fiefdom	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming, DeFi
73	inVM	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Universal
74	Meliora	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	DeFi
75	MV Chain	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming
76	MXC	ZK Rollup This project is based on Taiko's codebase.	Universal, IoT
77	Oursong	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Music
78	Song Protocol	Optimistic Rollup This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Music
79	Superposition	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	DeFi
80	Syndr	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	DeFi
81	WINR	Optimium This project is based on Arbitrum's codebase.	Gaming

–This project is built using StarkEx.

–This project is based on OP Stack's code base.

–This project is based on old OVM's code base.

–This project is based on ZKsync Lite's code base.

–This project is based on ZK Stack's code base.

–This project is based on Loopring's code base.

–This project is based on Arbitrum's code base.

–This project is based on Polygon's code base.

–This project is based on Starknet's code base.

–This project is based on Taiko's code base.

–This project is based on Cartesi's code base.

#	Name	Risks Risks associated with this project.	TypeType Type of this project. Determines data availability and proof system used. ZK Rollups = Validity Proofs + onchain data Optimistic Rollups = Fraud Proofs + onchain data Validiums = Validity Proofs + offchain data Optimiums = Fraud Proofs + offchain data	Purpose Functionality supported by this project.	Total Total value locked in escrow contracts on Ethereum displayed together with a percentage changed compared to 7D ago. Some projects may include externally bridged and natively minted assets.
1	Zk.Money v1 (Aztec v1) EOL: Ownership of the rollup contract is irrevocably renounced and Aztec is not running a rollup processor (operator). Users or third parties have to [run the rollup system by themselves](https://github.com/AztecProtocol/aztec-v2-ejector/) to withdraw or transact.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window ∞ Proposer failure Self propose	ZK Rollup	Private payments	$4.01 M
2	ZKSwap 1.0 This project contains unverified contracts. Version 3 of the protocol called ZkSpace is available and users are encouraged to move their assets there.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window Unknown Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZKsync Lite's codebase.	Payments, AMM	$3.88 M
3	Zk.Money v2 (Aztec Connect) EOL: Aztec team shut down their offchain rollup infrastructure on March 31st, 2024. Onchain deposits are disabled and ownership of the rollup contract is irrevocably renounced. Assets in the escrow can be manually withdrawn with the [Aztec Connect Ejector](https://github.com/AztecProtocol/aztec-connect-ejector).	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Self sequence State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window ∞ Proposer failure Self propose	ZK Rollup	DeFi	$3.88 M
4	Polygon Hermez Hermez and Polygon have recently merged. Hermez and Polygon Hermez are two names for the same rollup.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window 7d Proposer failure Self propose	ZK Rollup This project is based on Polygon's codebase.	Payments	$324.07 K
5	ZKSwap 2.0 This project contains unverified contracts. Version 3 of the protocol called ZkSpace is available and users are encouraged to move their assets there.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window Unknown Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on ZKsync Lite's codebase.	Payments, AMM	$248.22 K
6	Layer2.Finance This project is under review. Currently the TVL is calculated incorrectly, because it does not take assets locked in DeFi into account.	Risk analysis is In review Projects under review might present uncompleted information & data. L2BEAT Team is working to research & validate content before publishing.	Optimistic Rollup	DeFi	$167.63 K
7	OMG Network This project contains unverified contracts.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation Exits only Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Plasma	Payments	$68.04 K
8	DeGate V1 Legacy	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window ∞ Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on Loopring's codebase.	Exchange	$56.58 K
9	Gluon LeverJ trading platform appears to be in a maintenance mode as the team moved to build NFT trading platform. Social medias associated with the project are silent since mid 2021.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation Fraud proofs (!) Data availability External Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Plasma	Exchange	$34.48 K
10	Canvas Connect Canvas Connect is currently open only to whitelisted institutional clients.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	Privacy, DeFi	$15.84 K
11	L2.Finance-zk This project contains unverified contracts. Layer2.finance-ZK has been shut down, users are encouraged to use optimistic rollup version.	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (ST) Data availability External (DAC) Exit window None Proposer failure Use escape hatch	Validium This project is built using StarkEx.	DeFi	$5.14 K
12	DeGate Legacy	Risk analysis Sequencer failureState validationData availabilityExit windowProposer failure Sequencer failure Force via L1 State validation ZK proofs (SN) Data availability On chain Exit window ∞ Proposer failure Use escape hatch	ZK Rollup This project is based on Loopring's codebase.	Exchange	$0.00

–This project is built using StarkEx.

–This project is based on OP Stack's code base.

–This project is based on old OVM's code base.

–This project is based on ZKsync Lite's code base.

–This project is based on ZK Stack's code base.

–This project is based on Loopring's code base.

–This project is based on Arbitrum's code base.

–This project is based on Polygon's code base.

–This project is based on Starknet's code base.

–This project is based on Taiko's code base.

–This project is based on Cartesi's code base.

Want to learn more about the different approaches to upgradeability?Check our report

About L2BEAT

L2BEAT is a public goods company dedicated to providing on-chain transparency.

What sets L2BEAT apart is our unwavering commitment to delivering accurate and reliable information. We strive to be an impartial and independent watchdog that acts in the best interest of users and the broader ecosystem while always remaining credibly neutral and faithful to reality and facts. We deliver data and tools that allow our community to educate themselves, transact securely, and make well-informed decisions.

This approach has earned us recognition and a solid reputation in the industry, garnering praise from the global Ethereum community and making our voice highly valued by numerous organizations and institutions. We are unafraid of being vocal and opinionated when our values are at stake.

Our work spans a wide range of areas, including:

Research and analysis of public protocols, including L2s and bridges,
Participation in protocol governance and security councils,
Development of transparency solutions like explorers,
Monitoring of smart contract upgrades,
Operation of nodes, and validators,
Publication of research reports,
Organization of conferences.

We receive generous funding from various public goods organizations, such as Gitcoin and the Ethereum Foundation, as well as from various private donors and investors. Additionally, we collaborate closely with leading companies in the space by accepting grants for specific projects.

You most likely have a lot of questions. We have created the Frequently Asked Questions page just for you.